上一篇文章,讲述了如何通过RestTemplate+Ribbon去消费服务,这篇文章主要讲述如何通过Feign去消费服务。
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。 简而简之:
为了保存源码,我们复制第一篇的代码作为新项目使用,启动eureka-server,端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次,端口分别为8762 、8773.
新建一个spring-boot工程,取名为serice-feign,在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client、Web的起步依赖spring-boot-starter-web,代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
<artifactId>serice-feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>serice-feign</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
<artifactId>chapter03</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- Web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- eureka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Feign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
在工程的配置文件application.yml文件,指定程序名为service-feign,端口号为8765,服务注册地址为http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,代码如下:
server:
port: 8765
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
spring:
application:
name: service-feign
在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能:
package com.gf;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SericeFeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SericeFeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
package com.gf.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface schedualServiceHi {
@GetMapping("/hi")
String sayHiFromClientOne();
}
在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下:
package com.gf.controller;
import com.gf.service.SchedualServiceHi;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HiController {
@Autowired
private SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@GetMapping("/hi")
public String sayHi() {
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne();
}
}
启动程序,多次访问http://localhost:8765/hi,浏览器交替显示:
hello , port is 8762
hello , port is 8763
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